Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) is specialty technology for short duration hydrogen sulfide control in collection system gravity and force main discharges, recycle streams, solids processing, septage and leachate. Potassium permanganate has been used for over 30 years in hydrogen sulfide control applications and is a well understood technology.
Potassium permanganate oxidizes hydrogen sulfide and organic odors. Potassium permanganate is very fast reacting (on the order of seconds) with hydrogen sulfide and organic odor compounds, making it a good choice for application in solids processing where retention times may be very short.
Potassium permanganate is a granular product sold in 25 or 50 kg pails, 4000 lb bins, and bulk deliveries of up to 40,000. A larger “nugget” product is available for solids blankets (clarifiers) and other slow-release applications.
Potassium permanganate oxidizes hydrogen sulfide according to the following equations:
Neutral-Acid pH:
3H2S + 2 KMnO
Alkaline pH:
3S2– + 8 KMnO4 → 3SO42- + 8 MnO2
Theoretical dose ratios of KMnO4 are dependent on the pH of the solution being treated. Under neutral-acid pH, the theoretical dose ratio is 3.1 lbs KMnO4:lb H2S with practical dose rates anywhere from 3.5 to 5 depending on the application. Under alkaline pH conditions, the theoretical dose ratio is 12.4 lbs KMnO4:lb H2S with practical dose rates anywhere from 12.5 to 15 depending on the application.
Some drawbacks of potassium permanganate use are as follows:
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